The first flight of the largest battery-electric aircraft to take to the skies lasted nearly half an hour while costing just $5 of electricity. That aviation feat comes at a time when jet fuel prices have skyrocketed because of the US war with Iran.
The test flight of Heart Aerospace’s X1 demonstrator aircraft took place at Plattsburgh International Airport in upstate New York on August 12. The X1 aircraft is comparable in size to a small regional airliner and can achieve a maximum takeoff weight exceeding 25,000 pounds with the help of four wing-mounted electric motors. The battery-electric propulsion system delivered more than one megawatt of power during the maiden flight.
All-electric aircraft can offer quieter and cleaner flight without the emissions that come from burning jet fuel. They may also prove more reliably cost-effective than conventional aircraft that come with jet fuel costs subject to geopolitical disruptions.
But the initial success of the X1 demonstrator does not mean Heart Aerospace is planning to commercialize an all-electric aircraft. Current battery-electric systems can only typically sustain short flights of about 100 to 200 miles, which is why they have been limited to air taxi operations by companies such as Joby and Archer.
Instead, testing of the X1 and a planned follow-on X2 aircraft will shape development of Heart Aerospace’s main offering to the airline industry—a 30-seat hybrid-electric regional airliner known as the ES-30.
That planned production aircraft for commercial flights would combine two inboard electric motors with commercial turboprop engines that run on jet fuel, enabling 125 miles of all-electric flight and 500 miles of flight range when operating in hybrid mode.
Having the extended 500-mile range would enable the ES-30 hybrid-electric airliner to operate in popular short-haul corridors that connect major US and European cities. United Airlines has committed to eventually purchasing 100 aircraft from Heart Aerospace, with other major airline customers also having signed letters of intent, according to Flying magazine.
Multiple airlines have also invested in Heart Aerospace’s development of the ES-30 aircraft, including United Airlines, Air Canada and Mesa Air Group. Several issued statements celebrating the latest milestone.
“Electric commercial aircraft have real potential to deliver a better travel experience for passengers while strengthening our business, and we look forward to Heart’s continued development of the ES-30 and its potential future role in United’s network,” Michael Leskinen, chief financial officer of United Airlines, said in a press release.
After starting out as a Swedish company, Heart Aerospace relocated to Los Angeles where it is developing the first pre-production ES-30 at a manufacturing facility. It anticipates flight testing starting in 2028 and aims to get certified for starting commercial service by 2031.
Hybrid-electric aircraft may look even more promising at a time when jet fuel prices have soared around the world because of the US-Israeli war against Iran leading to major disruptions in Gulf energy exports typically shipped through the Strait of Hormuz. In the United States, jet fuel prices have increased from just over $2 per gallon before the start of the war in February 2022 to well over $3 per gallon.
The global airline industry is expected to spend $350 billion on buying jet fuel in 2026 because of average jet fuel prices being up by almost 70 percent compared to the previous year, according to the International Air Transport Association. The increased spending on jet fuel now accounts for nearly a third of airlines’ operating costs and is expected to halve profits.
Heart Aerospace is claiming that the hybrid-electric ES-30 could reduce airline costs of operating regional aircraft by more than 40 percent. If the production aircraft can deliver on that promise, it may prove one of the wiser investments that airlines have made in recent years.
